Discover everything you need to know about hedgehogs—fascinating, protected mammals—as autumn nears. From our years of observing these spiny visitors in our garden, we've compiled expert insights on their care, diet, hibernation, and housing to help them thrive.
The hedgehog is a nocturnal insectivore mammal, instantly recognizable by its spines covering the back and flanks. Adults measure 18-31 cm in length and weigh 1,000-1,400 grams.
Hedgehogs boast excellent smell and hearing but have poor eyesight. They reach sexual maturity at 8-10 months. Mating occurs from April to September, often on lawns, where males compete fiercely with fights and courtship dances. After a 35-day gestation, the female raises the young alone. Newborns weigh 20-25 grams; after 40 days of nursing and 6 weeks, they reach 300 grams. Adults shed spines annually.
In the wild, hedgehogs consume about one-third of their body weight daily in insects, worms, and snails. Gardens often fall short, so supplement sparingly with cat food (dry kibble or canned) in a sheltered bowl. They're picky eaters—patience is key.
For treats, offer apple slices, soaked raisins, peanut butter sandwiches, or mealworms. In our experience, liver and egg helped underweight hedgehogs prepare for winter. Always provide fresh water in a saucer—never milk, as it causes illness.
Avoid collecting insects yourself; many are toxic. Feed only when necessary, letting them forage naturally.
Wild hedgehogs need minimal intervention beyond occasional feeding. For sick ones, contact a specialist—many vets lack hedgehog expertise. Find a rescue center at https://www.egelopvang.nl/.
When temperatures drop below 12°C, hedgehogs build nests from leaves, moss, and grass in sheltered spots like under bushes or sheds. Hibernation lasts 4-5 months; body temperature falls from 35°C to 8-10°C, heart rate from 180 to 20 bpm, and breathing from 40-50 to 3-4 per minute, conserving energy.
They may wake briefly—leave dry food out. Weigh young hedgehogs as cold sets in; those under 600-700 grams need help. Contact rescues if unsure; we've assisted many through winter successfully.
Support garden hedgehogs by ensuring:
Important: Hedgehogs are protected in the Netherlands and not suitable as pets.
Seen a hedgehog in your garden? Share your story in the comments!
